Mechanisms of action of extracellular miRNAs

The mechanisms of action extracellular miRNAs are given in the scientific review. To write article, information was searched using Scopus, Web Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, Cochrane Library databases. authors state that generated by producer cells and then packaged vesicles delivered to other functionally active structures. Extracellular transport miRNA a paracrine endocrine manner. It is emphasized mechanism microRNAs depends on their association with vesicles. MicroRNAs associated taken up act as intracellular microRNAs. not vesicles, interacting specific receptors, induce activation signaling, most often pro-inflammatory pathways. interact membrane recipient cell through surface proteins ligand-receptor shown such major histocompatibility complex class I II proteins, transferrin receptors tetraspanins, disruption some signaling pathways target cells. Scientists believe exosomes ectosomes absorbed clathrin-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis, and/or macropinocytosis. After delivery cells, regulate translation genes. circulating blood serum healthy people believed have antifibrogenic effects contain inhibit activity hematopoietic stem or damaged hepatocytes. receptor-independent penetration hepatitis C virus into hepatocytes can be carried out help exosomes. Exosomal able bind certain cellular activate them.